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Aviation glossary

Load Factor

What is load factor?

FAA handbook figure illustrating load factor

Load factor is the ratio of the total load (aerodynamic force) supported by an aircraft's wings to the actual weight of the aircraft. It is commonly expressed in "G" units, where 1 G equals normal weight in straight-and-level flight, and it increases sharply during maneuvers like steep turns or pull-ups. Load factor can be positive or negative depending on the flight path. Think of it as: how many times its own weight the wings are being forced to lift — a 60° bank turn pulls about 2 Gs, doubling the load.

Also known as: G, Gs, G-load, G-force

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