Microburst
What is microburst?
A microburst is a small but extremely intense downdraft of sinking air, typically only 1–2 miles across and about 1,000 feet deep. As an aircraft flies through one, it first encounters a strong headwind (increasing airspeed and lift), then the powerful downdraft, then a tailwind that suddenly robs the aircraft of airspeed and lift—dangerously so during takeoff or landing. Visual clues include a heavy rain shaft, virga (rain evaporating before it reaches the ground) at cloud base, or a ring of blowing dust on the surface. Think of it as a brief but violent "punch" of wind that can slam an aircraft toward the ground during the most critical phases of flight—on the test, watch for the headwind-to-tailwind shear that causes a sudden loss of performance.
Also known as: downburst, wind shear (microburst is a cause of low-level wind shear)
Studying for an FAA written test?
Terms like microburst show up on the FAA knowledge test. Study them in context with ACS-aligned practice questions, AI explanations, and the cited FAA handbook reference behind every answer — free to start.
Learn more in the library
Related terms
- maximum structural cruising speed
- maximum takeoff weight
- maximum weight
- mechanical turbulence
- middle marker
- military operations area
- minimum controllable airspeed
- minimum crossing altitude