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Aviation glossary

Wake Turbulence

What is wake turbulence?

FAA handbook figure illustrating wake turbulence

Wake turbulence is the disturbance created behind an aircraft as it generates lift, taking the form of a pair of counter-rotating vortices that trail from the wingtips. These wingtip vortices form because high-pressure air below the wing spills over the tips into the low-pressure area above. Think of it as invisible horizontal tornadoes streaming behind every aircraft—strongest when an airplane is heavy, slow, and clean (gear and flaps up).

Also known as: wingtip vortices, wake vortices

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